Ȩ

FAQ:

: Oleg Kiselev, Don Wilson, Steve Bartling

- õ Ȥ ̰ .

  1. ԰ ̰ еǾ ⿡ δ ʴ´.
  2. ̸ ⸦ ְ, ׸ .
  3. ⸦ Ƿ δ .
  4. ߿ ̴ ̸ Ѵٴ ̴.(Ⱑ ̸ i ٴϴ ̵ ִ.)

⸦ ִ ̿ ִ. ⿡ ̴ Ϲ ȣ ̴.

۱

FAQ ڿ ۼǾϴ. ׷Ƿ FAQ rec.aquaria, alt.aquaria ׷ ڿ ֽϴ. κ ۱ ڿ ֽϴ. FAQ ʰ ۱ǿ ԽŰ Ͽ Ӱ ֽϴ.

(׹̾ , ַ Artemia. salina)

뵵:
ٷ ȭ ġ, Ȥ ⿡ ̴. û ū ٴٰ 뷮 ̱⵵ ϸ, ⿡ ư ôߵ ϴ öũ ü ̷ε ִ.
:
ȭų ִ. ȭ 4¥ öƽ ̳ 1¥ ź ִ. Ǹϴ "shrimpolator" Ȥ öƽ ȭ 򵥱⸦ ִ. , ʴ κ ٴڸ ϰų . ̿ ȭ뿡 ġѴ. ְ µ 30 ķ ϸ ȭ .

Ed Warner å Ż ó ұ 1 1 Ǭ ִ ٰ Ǿ ִ. ұ ϴ . , ƹ ó õϿ . SF Bay Brand ȭŰ ̷ ȭϴ ٰ ϸ, ̸ ణ (Epsom) ұ̳ ŷ Ҵٸ ־ ִ ٰ Ѵ.

ȭŰ , ʵ ְ ־ Ѵ. Ϲ Ͽ ⸦ ϸ ȴ. , ȣ 30cm ܴϰ 10cm ϰ Ѵ. ܴ κ ν ȣ ȭ뿡 ʴ´.  . ų Ⱑ ޶ ִ.

ø(nauplii : ȭ ) , ⸦ ϰ 50~60cm ϰ κ ܴ 긦 ȭ뿡 ְ Ų. ˲ ǥ鿡 ̰ , ٴڿ ɰ ȴ.( 쿡) Ʋ Ƶ ׹ Ÿ. ɷ  ſ Ƽ ̵(eye dropper) ̿ ⿡ ش.

· 24 ð ִ.

Թ:
Ȥ ֹ ִ. Կ Ĵ ٴ (1Ŀ ) ū ξ δ. ΰ, 2~3 ͸ ۰ к Ѵ.

Ed Warner ȭϷ  1 ẹ Ⱓ ʿϴٰ Ѵ. ȭ ẹⰡ ª ̸, 2~3 ̻ ξٰ ȭѾ ȭ ٰ Ѵ. ⿡ 5 ϸ 100% ȭ δٰ Ѵ.

ü

뵵:
10 cm κ ſ Դ´.
:
ʿ. ſ , 踦 ϴ ƴϸ Կ .

׷, ȭ ϰ Ѵٸ, Ա ū ( ; , ū 絿, ̵ ) غϰ, ٴ幰 Ȥ ұݹ green water ( ˰ ) ְ Ȳ ٸ. ̳ ü( ) ٸ. ̽Ʈ APR Ȥ ̸ Ѵ. ʴ ҿ ⸦ θ ̼ ̳ ϰ Ǿ 忡 ȴ.

Թ:
κ

(Daphnia)

뵵:
Daphnia pulex Ȥ D. magna spp. ̴. ι ̻ ̴. ׿ , ִ ̼  Դ´. ũⰡ ſ پϿ, ʴ ͺ 3mm ̻ 赵 ִ. κ ߻ Ⱑ Դ ̴.
:
Ÿ κ 150 뿡 ̸ 𿡼 ⸦ ִ. dz, ̳ ܾ , ̽Ʈ, Ȥ APR(OSI ΰ öũ ) ̷ Ͽ ⸦ ִ. (green water)μ ǿܿ ַ ̸ ̿Ѵ. ó ʿ (Miracle Grow ) ųƮȭ ö(chelated iron) ϰ Ǯ ׿  ⹰(ϵ ) ־ش. ̿ ޺ θ ־ȿ ̳ ڷ ȴ.

Ǫ͸  ҷ ־ ȴٴ ҹ ִ.

ġ Ű ִ. ׿ ġ طο ׸Ƹ Ծ ȭϰ ġ 鼭 ִ.

ϵ ġ ⿡ ִ ִ. (2 /1) ġ Դ´. ׷ ġ ũ⸦ ־ ִ.

׹ Ȥ ⿡ ϴ ä ϸ ȴ.

Թ:
̳ ֹ ִ.

öũ ä Ͽ ִ. ä ΰ ִ. Ŀư ٴ , ö(ʰ )  δ. ö ̰ ϰ, κ ٷ Ͽ Ŵ ֵ Ѵ. ִ ȣ 踦 Ÿ ׹ ڿ Ŵ޾ õõ . ö ׹ Ա ׻ , ν ׹ ʰ ȴ. ̿ ϸ ϰ , ۶ (glass worm) ļ Բ DZ ٴ ؾ Ѵ. ۶ 쿡 ū Ƿ , ۶ ġ ִ.

Ŭӽ(Cyclops)

뵵:
뵵̳ ļ̹Ƿ ̳ ȭ » ġ ִ. ó ִ.
:
( ) 
Թ:
ϰų ´. ´. ׿ ϴ ϱ ϸ ϱ⵵ . ֹ̳ ȣȸ Ÿ ִ. 

(Mosquito Larva)

뵵:
κ  ϴ ̴. 溸 ũ⸸ ϸ Ƹ ִ. κ ߻ Ⱑ ߿ ̴. 
:
ſ ϴ. ߿ܿ Ա ū 絿 ´. Ǯų Ǯ ߶ ̷ 濡 ־θ ׸ư ϰ ڶ ȴ. ̷ ̷ ϰ ȴ. ص ϴ. Ÿ Ȥ ϴ ִ. Ⱑ 2~3 ӿ ȴ.

̵ 뿡 ҷ Ǯ A ־ָ ( ) ϰ ǰ, ȭϰ ȴ. ä ū ڶ ȴ. ̷ ߻ , ɽ ٰ Ͽ ٴ ιϰ ȴ.  

4 絿̿ Ƽ ϴ ִ.( ϸ ۵ ð ɸ.) ־ְ ĥ ɱ⸦ ٸ. ̱ ϸ ū ׹ ٸ 絿̿ ɷ 游 . 

ū ⸦ ⸥ٴ ǿ ̿ Ǹ Ѵٴ ̴. ׷ ̷ , ֺ ٸ Ȳ ̻ ȭϷ õ ʰ ̹Ƿ ü ִٰ ̴.

ٸ ׿ ʹ ־ Ⱑ Ծġ , Ͽ ȿ ִٴ ̴. 

Թ:
׳ Ƶα⸸ ϸ ð ãƿ´. ȣ ̿ ִ ˵ ִ.  ó Ƿ ã ִ . 

(Black Worm)

뵵:
, ׸ƿ ⿡ ְ ܹ ޿μ, Ư غϴ ̵鿡 ̴.

: ̸ Ⱑ ǰ ϴ ִ. ϰ ̸ ɸ Ȯ ξ ȴ.

Ǵٸ : Ⱑ ָ, ٴڿ μ ׿ ִ.
 

:
ġ . ̵ ٴڿ ű⸦ ԰ ϸ鼭 . ٳ Դ´. Ѵ. ׹ ̿Ͽ Ÿ ä ִ. ϰ , ܹ ִ. 
Sources:
κ ִ.

(Tubifex ϹǷ ⸣ õ ʴ . ϴ. ׷ Tubifax κ ϼ ϰ Ƿ, ̳ ٸ ű ִٴ ؾ Ѵ.) Tubifex , ü ٴ Ҹ ø ʵ 帣 ϴ . ٸ δ 60׷ ߰ ũ 絿̿ Ƽ Ű 3 ִ.

׸ (Grindal Worm : ſ )

뵵:
׸ ũⰡ Ƿ(ְ 1.5cm ) ̷ . ˰, ׸ ű . ٸ ó İ ϸ ӿ ̻ ִ. ٴڿ ⿡ , ̰ ɱ 绡 ̸ ç ִ ٴڿ ̸ ã ִ ⿡Ե .(, ⿡ ) 
:
öƽ Ź Ͽ, ҵ ȭ ź(peat moss) ݹݾ ȥϰų, ƾ ȭ븸ε ϴ. ϰ ڷ 5 ҵ . ؿ ׸ ־ְ ܹ ø (, Ź ) ѷش. ϸ鼭 ̰ ٽ äش. µ 22 ̻ ؾ Ѵ. ÷θ . ſ ľ , ϴ ̵(Ǭ 1) ׿ ־ ش. ̿ Ͽ äϰ Ǹ 帣 ʰ ̸ ִ. ǰϰ Ű ִٸ 100 ̻ ⸦ ִ. 

׻ ϰ ϵ, 컶 ϰų ǰ ؼ ȵȴ. ȭó ĢĢ ѷָ ȴ.  

̿ ϰ Ǹ ⳪ ٱͰ . ̷ ⿡ ְ, Ա⵵ , ð ȴ. ̷ ׸ äϿ 3~4 ð ſ д. ǰ, ó ٽ ϸ ȴ. ɸ ͵鵵 س , ׷ ġ .

ڶ 쿡 pH ִ. Ư ź(peat moss) , 꼺 ȭϴ ŷҴٸ 뿡 ణ ־ ָ pH Ѵ. 

ų(killi)İ ִ ׸ ϰ ִ. ̰ ݿ ä ִ Ƽǰ(foam?) ߸ ⸥. ϴ ϴ. 

Թ:
ģ, Ŭ, Ǵ ֹ  

ȭƮ (White Worm, ̿ ũⰡ )

뵵:
These worms are up to 1" long and are good for feeding fish 3"-6" long.
Culturing:
Similar to Grindal worms, but these worms do not do well at high temperatures. If possible, keep them below 70F; during the summer, they will survive if kept moist and in a cool place, i.e. a north facing carport. White worms can be grown in potting soil in plywood boxes, about 16" x 12" x 6" deep, with a close fitting, moisture-resistant top such as a sheet of glass. They will eat the same foods as Grindal worms, but a number of sources suggest that white bread soaked in milk is a very good food for these worms. Another option found to work extremely well is to raid the materials heading for the compost, and prepare a mixture of old lettuce, fruit, and bread crumbs or oatmeal. Add water and blend it, as thick as the blender can handle, and still be able to turn over this soup. Add maybe a cup each week (it's mostly water anyway, which is needed to keep the cultures moist), in a small trench dug down the center of the dirt.

The medium typically and most successfully used by one of us (DW) is dried, rehydrated bread crumbs with some brewers yeast added. Bread crumbs are prepared by collecting old crusts (even moldy ones) and storing them in your freezer, then drying them in the oven at 175F. The bread is then crushed into into crumbs and, if stored in sealed containers (such as plastic ice cream buckets) the crumbs will last forever. When it is time to feed the worms, use a large bowl and mix the powdered bread with enough water to make a slurry, then ladle it into a trench in the culture. Use only as much as the worms will eat in a week. The amount of water in the slurry should be varied - when the worm culture tends to dry out in the summer months, use a wetter mixture to replace the water but if the culture is already too moist, use a drier mixture.

One might ask how long such a culture will last before going sour. It is a good question, to which there is no clear answer yet; one of use (DW) has 3+ year old cultures which have been seen to produce as strongly as ever, without odour.

Keep these worms in complete darkness. They will come out of the soil and coat the food, devouring it shortly and clustering in a writhing mass. The aquarist can pluck this mass of worms from the soil and use it to feed the fish. The worms will hide in the soil as soon as the light strikes them, so be swift about grabbing them! Another means of separating worms from the dirt is to get a tin can with both ends removed and fasten a piece of plastic window screening over one end (with string, an elastic band, or whatever works). Sit it in some type of tapered glass container (such as a measuring cup) with water in the container, so the can sits above the water (1/2" between the top of the water and bottom of the mesh). Place some of the soil and worm mixture in the can and place a light over top (i.e. a gooseneck lamp, with one of those mini-spot bulbs). The heat will drive the worms out, through the mesh, and into the water. This takes a couple of hours or more. The worms come out clean, and can be fed to the fish directly, placed in a worm feeder, or frozen for future use. This works well for white worms, large and small, so assuming Grindal worms can be grown in soil, it should work for them, too.

However, if you don't mind getting your hands dirty, a faster, more effective means of separating them is to put the worm laden dirt into a container, add water, swirl the mixture, then pour out the dirt. The worms will collect in knots. Remove the knots by hand to another container, then continuing to swirl and pour off the dirt in both the old container and the new one. This way, clean worms can be obtained within minutes.

Whiteworms should be fed to your fish with a worm feeder, so that the fish can eat them over time. They can be also be placed directly into a bowl on the bottom of the tank, where they will remain until the fish eat them. This may apparently be particularly useful for killifish breeders, which have only peat as a substrate. Be careful not to overfeed by adding whiteworms directly to the tank; the excess will burrow into the sand, where they will be inaccessible to all but the most eager diggers, such as Hoplosternum. Where the aquarist has separated too many worms for one day's feeding, the remainder should be promptly frozen and used later.

Sources:
same as Grindals.

(Earthworm)

뵵:
Feeding of medium and large fish (over 4" long).
Culturing:
To raise earthworms cheaply and easily:
  1. Build a box out of wood (any size is fine, a bigger box = more worms) (apartment dwellers can make do with a 1' x 1' x 8" box)
    1. Attach the top with two cheap hinges.
    2. Drill/cut two 2-inch holes in the front of the box in such a way as to line up the bottom of the hole with the bottom of the inside of the box
    3. Paint the box with any outdoor rated, oil based paint.
    4. Place a small piece of fine plastic screen against holes that were drilled/cut. Make sure the screen is placed on the inside of the box. Firmly nail the screen into place. The screen will allow the box to drain, but will not allow the worms to escape.

    The box is now complete.

  2. prepare the box for worms
    1. Buy enough peat moss from a garden supply store or nursery to fill up the box (remember the peat moss will compact after it gets soaking wet).
    2. Place the peat moss in the box and completely soak the peat moss (stir it up until it is uniformly wet).
    3. Get 6 bricks.
    4. Place one brick at each front corner and two bricks at each rear corner so that the box slopes forward and can drain from the holes.
    5. Place a pan under the holes to catch the future runoff (unless the box is placed outside). Note, after worms are growing, the runoff is great for plants.
  3. Now, for the worms
    1. Go buy three or four boxes of the smallest worms that can be found at a fish and tackle shop.
    2. Put the worms in the box
    3. Buy some corn meal (a small bag will last forever). This is all the worms need for adequate nutrition.
    4. Every three or four days, sprinkle a light layer of corn meal on top of the peat moss. Note: before each new layer is applied, use a small, tined garden hand tool to stir up the peat moss and to mix the corn meal left over from the previous feeding into the peat moss.
    5. After about a month, there will be literally millions of worms ranging in size from tiny little young worms to fully adult worms. The baby worms can be used for small fish and very young fish, while the larger worms will easily satisfy the live food requirements of even the most ravenous large fish.
    6. This is an infinitely renewable resource, which is difficult to overharvest!
    7. The peat moss must be kept damp by periodic watering. Don't over water! Do not allow it to dry out! The worms will die QUICKLY if the peat moss dries out. Fortunately, peat moss retains water very well, and watering is rarely needed.
    8. The worms must not be allowed to freeze. The worms and the worm box will not smell and can be kept in garages or closets during the winter. The worms do not like being baked in the full evening sun in the summer (they will be killed). Place them in a shady location if they are left outside.
    9. keep the lid closed, worms like it dark.
  4. Other uses for Earthworms--
    1. Potted plants love earthworms!!
    2. Gardens love earthworms!!
    3. Lawns love earthworms!!
Sources:
the backyard, bait shops, gardening shops, gardens, aquarium clubs.

(Infusoria)

뵵:  
ȭ ġ ̿.
:
(green water) ߳, Ǯ ν 뿡 ־ ش. äҸ ϸ νĵǹǷ ٰ Ѵ. Ĺ ϸ ׸ư Ÿ ϰ, ٷ ׸ ̷ ް Ѵ. ó ϱ ƴ ׸ư ִٴ ؾ Ѵ. 뿡 ϰ ⸦ ȯŰ پ. Ⱓ ϰ 쿡 3~4 ٴڿ ηִ ⹰ ⸦ ̸ ؾ Ѵ. ũ ϴ 翡 Ѵ. 60 ⸦ Ͽ 淯 ִ.

ȿ ɷ ȯ , ֺ 鸮 ʰ Ѵ. 15 ֺ ̰ų ѷ ǥ ٷ ؿ ̰ ȴ. 鿩 ڰ ̸ ƴٴϴ ִ. Ƴ ġ׿ ־ ش.

Թ:
(Ư ó ), , ֹ

ʼ(Vinegar Eel)

: Greg Frazier

뵵:
ſ ġ ̷ ( : ̳ )
:
ʼ Ľ𸣽 ʿ ִ ̴. ʼ 꼺 ӿ 鼭 ʸ ȿŰ ׸Ƹ ԰ . ʼ Į (׹ ) Ѵ. ġ , ʼ ϱ ô , Ű ʿ䰡 ( ׳ ξ ), ִ. ʿ ȥ ޺ ִ θ ʾ ʼ Ÿ ִ.

ʼ Ϸ,  ۾ϱ ϰ Ա ū, 4 ⸦ غϰ, ӿ õ , ִ´. ⵵ , ȭ ϰ 4 ʼ ִ. ʴ ÷Ͽ 50% ϰ ʰ Ѵ. ⿡ ְ(4Ϳ 2x2x2cm ŭ), ʸ ִ´. ȿ(starter) ְ, 24 ð ٷ ׸ư Ȱϱ ϴ ð ٸ ִ´. , ߸ ƲŸ ȥŹ ִ. ȥյ (, 1/2 " ٴڿ Ǹ : .) ó ٽ ؾ Ѵ.

ʼ Ϸ ΰ Ŀ 縦 غѴ. ſ Ƽ 縦 ɷ ٸ ű, 뿡 ٽ ִ´. κ ʼ 縦 ϴµ Ϻδ Ϳ ٴ´. ̿ ξ ̸  ʼ ׸ ߸. ̸ ִ. ̰ ʼ Ű Ƿ Ÿ ʰ ɷ (10 ̻) ð ɸ.

ġ鿡 ʼ ̱ ʼ ξ Ѵ. ʼ ľ ؾ ׷ ġ ȭ ph ۽ ߸ ȴ. (ġ ߻Ѵ.) 溸 Ƿ ٷ ȭ ⵵ ִ. Ϲ ʼ ӿ 帧 귯 ٴѴ, 帧 ׿ ʼ ǥ鿡 Ȱϰ ȴ. (ũο ̴.)

:
ֹ, .. 

ũο(Microworm)

뵵:
ſ 3cm Ǵ , ȭǴ ġ ⿡ ̴.
:
Ź ܹ ø̳ Ʈа Ͽ ִ. Ʈ ΰ 츮(DW) ϰ ִ. ǰ Ͽ ÿ 1.5cm ̻ β ´. ̽Ʈ(Ȱȭ ̽Ʈ, ǰ ǰ ִ) Ǭ(5 ml) ̻ ־ ش. ̽Ʈ ־ ȵȴ. ũο(nematodes) ִ´. Ͽ 쿡, 3mm ۼ ־ش. ֱ ̴. ó ( Ѳ ) ϸ ۿ ȴ.

500ml 䱸Ʈ ( 5 Ÿ öƽ : ٴڿ Ȱ ǥ ִ.) ִ. β, ϰ, ΰ, ǥ ̼ ̷ Ÿ ö ǹǷ ܾ ä ִ. öƽ ũο  ϰ Ѵ. Ѳ 2cm ũ  Ⱑ  . ̷ ̰ Ǹ  Ʋ ѹ ⸦ ȸѼ ⿡ ˵ǵ ؾ Ѵ. ̷ и Ѵ. ְ, 24 ϸ ϸ鼭 ó ȴ.

, ũο 鿡 ܾ ä ִ. հ( )̳, , Ͽ Ⱦ δ. 쿡 󼭴 öƽ̳ ÷ ũ ڰ 鵵 ܾ ִ. (̽ũ 븦 ä ص . ) ä ũο ׸ ľ ׿ ־ְų, ä 븦 ׿ ־ ȴ.

2 ƹ . ż ȿ , ϰ ũο ϸ ؾ Ѵ.

뿡 ־ ׿ ־ָ, ũο ׿ ԵǴ ð ִ.

Թ:
ģ, ȣȸ, ֹ

ĸ(Fruit fly)

뵵:
ĸ ų κ Ⱑ ߻¿ Դ Ͱ ̴.
:
2 ֽ ִ. N(instant mush)μ ֹ Ѵ. N,  츻 , N ڿ ̴. 0.5 ~1cm β N ٴڿ ũó ξش. ⸦ ← 帣 ϰ Ѵ. ⿡ ޸ öƽ Ƽ, ĸ Ⱑ ؼ ö ְ ش - ̷ ־ ִٰ Ѵ. ĸ (10 ) ְ, ĸ ٸ ĸ Ȥ ͵ ϵ Ͽ ݴ´.  

2 ⿡ ̷ ĸ ȭȴ. 2 Ƿ, 6 ڿ Ѵ. ũ ο ϸ ο ؾ Ѵ. 4~6 ָ غϸ ϰ ϸ鼭 ۽ ִ.

⿡ ĸ ̷, ĸ ߸ , Ѳ 鼭 ġ ָ ȴ. ϴ.

! ĸ ٸ ƴϴ. Ÿ ö ƴ ξ Ϸ 찰 ޷ ִ. ĸ ؾ ȴ. ϸ ִ .

̷ ִ ĸ ִ. 2mm ͵ , 3mm̻ ͵ κ̴. ͵ ְ, ͵ ְ, ʹĿ ִ.

! ĸ ¿ ⸣ ִ ǹǷ, ؾ Ѵ. ޸ ĸ Ѳ ߿ , ִ µ ؾ Ѵ.

Ʈ Ѱ: ĸ ־θ ĸ ϰų ߰ ȴ. ̿Ͽ ĸ ó ִ. ׷, Ȱ ĸ Ѵ.

̿빰(Feeder Fish)

뵵:
Ŭ, Ƕ ū ߻ ִ ⸦ Ա⵵ Ѵ.
:
Ư ʿ . Ϲ ̿ dz ݺؾ ΰ Ȱ ִ. (convict) ũ ġ ޿ ִ. Ƕ ⿡Դ ߰⸦ ְų õ ̷ ִ.
Թ:
: Ƶ ⳪

UP: ü ȳ ư

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